边缘学生的高中辍学: 早期职业后果与劳动力市场结果
High School Dropout for Marginal Students: Early-Career Consequences and Labor Market Outcomes
Journal of Labor Economics · 2024 · [{"name": "Martin Eckhoff Andresen", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Sturla A. Løkken", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
我们利用挪威高中一项随机分配的高风险考试, 评估考试不及格对一个学业处于及格边缘、且具有政策相关性的学生群体的后果。考试不及格使辍学率增加到两倍以上。到 30 岁时, 我们发现有证据表明其教育获得程度较低, 但对劳动力市场收入没有显著影响。这一现象可能由教育体系中的灵活路径所解释: 不及格的学生更可能转向职业培训, 并在职业生涯早期成为自雇者。我们表明边缘学生处于不利地位, 并就政策制定者如何精准瞄准这一群体提供了证据。
Abstract
We exploit a randomized high-stakes exam in Norwegian high schools to evaluate consequences of exam fail for an academically marginal and policy-relevant group of students. Failing the exam more than doubles the dropout rate. By age 30, we find evidence for lower educational attainment but no significant effects on labor market earnings. This may be explained by flexible pathways in the educational system: failing students are more likely to switch to vocational training and be self-employed in their early careers. We show that marginal students are disadvantaged and provide evidence on how policymakers can target this group.