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社区中的财富动态

Wealth Dynamics in Communities
Review of Economic Studies · 2022 · Daniel Barron、Yingni Guo、Bryony Reich

中文摘要

本文构建了一个模型,探讨人情互惠如何影响财富动态。我们识别出财富积累面临的一个关键障碍:财富会挤出人情互惠。因此,家庭必须在财富增长与获得人情互惠之间作出选择。我们表明,低财富家庭依赖人情互惠,其代价是长期财富受到严格限制。因此,初始财富差距会持续存在,甚至可能进一步扩大。随后,我们探讨社区和政策制定者如何克服这一障碍。通过模拟,我们表明社区福利和基于地域的政策能够同时促进储蓄和人情互惠,并且在某些情况下,甚至可以将人情互惠转化为加速财富积累的力量。

Abstract

Abstract This article develops a model to explore how favour exchange influences wealth dynamics. We identify a key obstacle to wealth accumulation: wealth crowds out favour exchange. Therefore, households must choose between growing their wealth and accessing favour exchange. We show that low-wealth households rely on favour exchange at the cost of having tightly limited long-term wealth. As a result, initial wealth disparities persist and can even grow worse. We then explore how communities and policymakers can overcome this obstacle. Using simulations, we show that community benefits and place-based policies can stimulate both saving and favour exchange, and in some cases, can even transform favour exchange into a force that accelerates wealth accumulation.
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