自动化与人力资本调整
Automation and Human Capital Adjustment
Journal of Human Resources · 2023 · [{"name": "Giuseppe Di Giacomo", "affiliation": ["Ospedale San Giuseppe", "Università della Svizzera italiana"]}, {"name": "Benjamin Lerch", "affiliation": ["Federal Department of Finance"]}]
中文摘要
摘要：本文通过考察工业机器人的引入对美国大学入学的影响, 分析自动化与教育之间的联系。我们利用美国各地方劳动力市场在机器人采用上的外生变异, 结果表明每多采用一台机器人, 就有四人进入大学就读。这一结果主要由当地社区学院入学率的上升所驱动。我们还观察到毕业生所获学位向更具应用性的领域转变。最后, 我们表明大学入学的增加主要源于机会成本的降低, 而非大学工资溢价的上升。
Abstract
<h3>Abstract</h3> This paper analyzes the link between automation and education by investigating the impact of the introduction of industrial robots on college enrollment in the US. We exploit exogenous variation in the adoption of robots across US local labor markets and show that for every additional robot adopted four individuals enroll in college. This result is driven by rising enrollment rates in local community colleges. We also observe a shift in graduations towards more applied fields. Finally, we show that the increase in college enrollment is primarily due to reduced opportunity costs, rather than an increase in the college wage premium.