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罪恶税与自我控制

Sin Taxes and Self-Control
American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2023 · Renke Schmacker、Sinne Smed

中文摘要

理论上,如果自我控制能力较弱的消费者对税收的反应至少与自我控制能力较强的消费者同样强烈,那么“罪恶税”就能改善福利。我们实证考察丹麦软饮料税和脂肪税的变动所引起的需求反应是否取决于消费者的自我控制能力。我们使用一套独特的家庭扫描面板数据,其中包含通过调查获得的自我控制能力度量。税收提高时,自我控制能力较弱的消费者减少购买的幅度小于自我控制能力较强的消费者。税收降低时,两组消费者增加购买的幅度相近。结果表明,价格弹性因自我控制能力而呈现不对称性,且这种不对称性在税收提高时更为明显。(JEL D12、D91、H25、H31、I12、I18、L66)

Abstract

According to theory, “sin taxes” are welfare improving if consumers with low self-control respond at least as much to the tax as consumers with high self-control. We investigate empirically if demand response to soft drink and fat tax variations in Denmark depends on consumers’ self-control. We use a unique home-scan panel that includes a survey measure of self-control. When taxes increase, consumers with low self-control reduce purchases less strongly than consumers with high self-control. When taxes decrease, both groups increase their purchases similarly. The results show an asymmetry in price elasticities by self-control that is more pronounced when taxes increase. (JEL D12, D91, H25, H31, I12, I18, L66)
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