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超级富豪对特殊税收制度的流动性反应:来自瑞士的证据

Mobility Responses to Special Tax Regimes for the Super-Rich: Evidence from Switzerland
The Economic Journal · 2024 · Enea Baselgia、Isabel Z. Martínez

中文摘要

我们利用一个新颖的富豪榜数据集,估计外国超级富豪的居住地选择对一项特殊税收制度的敏感程度。根据该制度,富裕外国人的应税依据是其生活开支,而非其真实收入和财富。我们首次表明,当瑞士部分州废除这一有争议的政策时,其外国超级富豪存量因此下降了43%。对于未受政策变化影响的瑞士本国超级富豪,我们未发现任何反应。由此推算的财富税和所得税流动性弹性分别为28.4–32.2和1.4–1.5。

Abstract

Abstract We use a novel rich-list dataset to estimate the sensitivity of the location choices of super-rich foreigners to a special tax regime, under which wealthy foreigners are taxed based on their living expenses, rather than their true income and wealth. We are the first to show that, when some Swiss cantons repealed this controversial policy, their stock of super-rich foreigners dropped by 43% as a consequence. We find no response for the Swiss super-rich, who were unaffected by the policy change. The implied wealth and income tax mobility elasticities range between 28.4–32.2 and 1.4–1.5, respectively.
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