中文摘要
我们通过首次提供职业层面的资本体现型技术变迁（CETC）测度以及资本与劳动之间替代弹性的测度，研究了不同职业对要素偏向型技术变迁暴露的差异。我们记录了这两项测度中可观的职业异质性，但在数量上，正是要素可替代性的异质性推动了工人对CETC的暴露。在一个工人跨职业配置的一般均衡模型中，CETC解释了1984年至2015年间美国观察到的几乎所有劳动再配置。若不存在要素可替代性的职业异质性，CETC仅能解释其中的17%（JEL I26, J16, J24, J31, O33）
Abstract
We study differences in exposure to factor-biased technical change among occupations by providing the first measures of capital-embodied technical change (CETC) and of the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor at the occupational level. We document sizable occupational heterogeneity in both measures, but quantitatively, it is the heterogeneity in factor substitutability that fuels workers’ exposure to CETC. In a general equilibrium model of worker sorting across occupations, CETC accounts for almost all of the observed labor reallocation in the US between 1984 and 2015. Absent occupational heterogeneity in factor substitutability, CETC accounts for only 17 percent of it (JEL I26, J16, J24, J31, O33)