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警察暴力对市中心城区学生的影响*

The Effects of Police Violence on Inner-City Students*
Quarterly Journal of Economics · 2020 · Desmond Ang

中文摘要

美国每年发生近1,000起警员涉入致死事件。本文记录了这些事件对洛杉矶公立高中学生的教育和心理福祉造成的巨大且存在种族差异的影响。利用学生居住地与致死事件发生地点之间距离的超局部差异,我发现,遭受警察暴力影响会导致平均绩点持续下降、情绪障碍发生率上升,以及高中毕业率和大学入学率降低。这些影响完全源于黑人和西班牙裔学生对警察致死其他少数族裔事件的反应,并且在涉及手无寸铁者的事件中最为显著。

Abstract

Abstract Nearly 1,000 officer-involved killings occur each year in the United States. This article documents the large, racially disparate effects of these events on the educational and psychological well-being of Los Angeles public high school students. Exploiting hyperlocal variation in how close students live to a killing, I find that exposure to police violence leads to persistent decreases in GPA, increased incidence of emotional disturbance, and lower rates of high school completion and college enrollment. These effects are driven entirely by black and Hispanic students in response to police killings of other minorities and are largest for incidents involving unarmed individuals.
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