Journal of Economic Literature · 2023 · John A. List、Ragan Petrie、Anya Samek
中文摘要
在过去几十年中，实验方法为经济学提供了深刻洞见。作出贡献的一个领域是对儿童的实验研究，该领域探讨了各种进展，从塑造市场和制度的人类行为的演化，到早期生活影响如何塑造后期生活结果。我们首先构建了一个经济偏好测量框架，为如何解读来自儿童实验的数据提供了一个视角。接下来，我们综述了在我们的框架内提供一般性经验洞见的研究，并对用于儿童的实验方法进行了全面总结。最后，我们提供了成功开展儿童实验的10条建议，包括考虑儿童能力、因果识别以及与招募和实施相关的后勤问题等因素。我们设想儿童的实验研究将成为未来几十年的高增长研究领域，因为社会科学家开始更充分地认识到儿童是市场的积极参与者，他们（可能）会对经济激励作出可预测的反应。(JEL C90, D11, D83, D91, J13, J16, Z13)
Abstract
In the past several decades, the experimental method has lent deep insights into economics. One area that has contributed is the experimental study of children, where advances as varied as the evolution of human behaviors that shape markets and institutions to how early life influences shape later life outcomes, have been explored. We first develop a framework for economic preference measurement that provides a lens into how to interpret data from experiments with children. Next, we survey work that provides general empirical insights within our framework and provide a comprehensive summary of experimental methods used with children. Finally, we provide 10 tips for pulling off experiments with children, including factors such as taking into account child competencies, causal identification, and logistical issues related to recruitment and implementation. We envision the experimental study of children as a high-growth research area in the coming decades as social scientists begin to more fully appreciate that children are active participants in markets who (might) respond predictably to economic incentives. (JEL C90, D11, D83, D91, J13, J16, Z13)