传统黑人高校能为改善黑人学生的高等教育成效提供哪些启示？

中文摘要

传统黑人高校是指在1964年以前成立、以教育非裔美国人为主要使命的院校。本文聚焦两个主要问题。首先，我们考察黑人学生在传统黑人高校与非传统黑人高校中的表现，关注范围相对广泛的结果，包括大学及研究生教育完成情况、工作满意度、社会流动、公民参与和健康状况。传统黑人高校的表现显著超出其资源条件所能预期的水平，尤其是在其资源严重匮乏的情况下。随后，我们探讨造成这些差异的潜在原因，并简要揭示传统黑人高校的“成功秘诀”。最后，我们讨论这些发现对传统黑人高校与非传统黑人高校政策的潜在启示。

Abstract

Historically Black colleges and universities are institutions that were established prior to 1964 with the principal mission of educating Black Americans. In this essay, we focus on two main issues. We start by examining how Black College students perform across HBCUs and non-HBCUs by looking at a relatively broad range of outcomes, including college and graduate school completion, job satisfaction, social mobility, civic engagement, and health. HBCUs punch significantly above their weight, especially considering their significant lack of resources. We then turn to the potential causes of these differences and provide a glimpse into the “secret sauce” of HBCUs. We conclude with potential implications for HBCU and non-HBCU policy.