监管的成本与收益衡量
Measuring the Costs and Benefits of Regulation
Annual Review of Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Matilde Bombardini", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "University of California, Berkeley"]}, {"name": "Francesco Trebbi", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "University of California, Berkeley"]}, {"name": "Miao Ben Zhang", "affiliation": ["University of Southern California"]}]
中文摘要
本文介绍了政府规制成本与收益评估领域近期的方法论创新，兼及前瞻性与回顾性两种意义。本综述的重点主要限于美国，并从经济学学科的视角展开。现有测度进展大多发生在私人合规成本方面。私人收益、社会成本和社会收益的系统化整理程度仍低得多，定量评估也更为困难，这主要是由于难以对局部均衡与一般均衡反事实进行标准化。我们就成本—收益分析未来可能的方法改进展开了讨论。
Abstract
This article presents recent methodological innovations in the area of cost and benefit assessment of government regulation, in both a prospective and a retrospective sense. The focus of this review is mostly limited to the United States and from the Economics discipline's perspective. Much of the extant progress in measurement has occurred on the front of private costs of compliance. Private benefits, social costs, and social benefits remain much less systematically organized and more arduous to quantitatively assess, mostly due to the difficulty of standardizing partial and general equilibrium counterfactuals. We offer a discussion on potential future methodological improvements in cost–benefit analysis.