Journal of Political Economy · 2026 · Osea Giuntella、Silvia Saccardo、Sally Sadoff
中文摘要
在一项针对美国大学生的现场实验中, 睡眠激励同时提高了睡眠时长与学业表现。我们的主要干预将就寝提醒与晨间反馈相结合, 并对工作日夜间睡眠至少 7 小时给予即时奖励。在为期 4 周的处理期内, 该干预使工作日夜间睡眠达到 7 小时及以上的比例提高了 26%, 使平均睡眠时长增加了 19 分钟; 处理期后的效应为 8 分钟。在处理期内, 即时激励的效果优于延迟激励以及仅提供提醒/反馈, 但在处理期后没有可辨识的影响。主要干预使学期课程平均成绩提高 0.075–0.089 个绩点, 相当于增加 0.10–0.11 个标准差。我们的结果表明, 针对睡眠的激励可以成为改善教育成果的一种具有成本效益的方法。
Abstract
In a field experiment among US university students, incentives for sleep increase both sleep and academic performance. Our primary intervention pairs bedtime reminders with morning feedback and immediate rewards for sleeping at least 7 hours on weeknights. The intervention raises the share of weeknights with 7+ hours of sleep by 26% and average sleep by 19 minutes during a 4-week treatment period, with posttreatment effects of 8 minutes. Immediate incentives outperform both delayed incentives and reminders/feedback alone during treatment but have no distinguishable impacts posttreatment. The primary intervention improves average semester course performance by 0.075–0.089 grade points, a 0.10–0.11 standard deviation increase. Our results demonstrate that incentives targeting sleep can be a cost-effective approach to improve educational outcomes.