自由的一瞥：盟军占领与东德的政治抵抗

中文摘要

本文利用二战结束时东德境内分隔盟军与苏军的一条特殊接触线，研究非民主政体下的政治抵抗。纳粹德国投降时，后来构成威权主义的德意志民主共和国的地区中，有40%最初处于盟军控制之下，但不到两个月后，其控制权便被移交给苏方。短暂处于盟军控制之下的经历增加了1953年大规模起义期间的抗议活动。我们利用有关地方市长任命的新数据和一项回顾性调查，论证即使只是“自由的一瞥”，也能激发民众反抗独裁统治。

Abstract

This paper exploits the idiosyncratic line of contact separating Allied and Soviet troops within East Germany at the end of WWII to study political resistance in a non-democracy. When Nazi Germany surrendered, 40 percent of what would become the authoritarian German Democratic Republic was initially under Allied control but was ceded to Soviet control less than two months later. Brief Allied exposure increased protests during the major 1953 uprising. We use novel data on the appointment of local mayors and a retrospective survey to argue that even a “glimpse of freedom” can foster civilian opposition to dictatorship. (JEL D72, D74, N44, P16)