Journal of Development Economics · 2024 · Florence Kondylis、Arianna Legovini、Kate Vyborny、Astrid Zwager、Luíza Cardoso de Andrade
中文摘要
我们通过众包收集了里约热内卢363名女性通勤者约22,000次乘车的信息,以研究公共空间中的性骚扰及其对女性专用空间需求的影响。在公共空间中出行的女性平均每周遭遇一次骚扰;随机指派她们在专用空间乘车可使骚扰减少50%。一项显示性偏好分析表明,对专用空间的需求存在异质性,处于最高三分位的使用者构成了需求的80%。这些使用者遭遇了样本中一半的骚扰。关于通勤者态度及专用空间使用情况的数据显示,对专用空间相关规范的认知可能限制了女性的能动性。超过半数的男性和女性通勤者将公共空间中的女性与更高的性开放程度联系在一起,而在认为这一态度是主流规范的女性中,报告使用专用空间的可能性高出79%。
Abstract
We crowdsource information on ≈ 22,000 train rides undertaken by 363 women commuters in Rio de Janeiro to study sexual harassment in the public space and its effects on demand for a women-reserved space. Women traveling in the public space experience harassment on average once a week; randomly tasking them to ride in the reserved space reduces harassment by 50%. A revealed preference exercise shows that demand for the reserved space is heterogeneous, with top-tercile users making up 80% of the demand. These users experience half of the harassment in our sample. Data on commuters’ attitudes and use of the reserved space show perceptions of norms around the reserved space may limit women’s agency. Over half of men and women commuters associate women in the public space with more sexual openness and women who perceive this attitude to be the prevailing norm are 79% more likely to report using the reserved space.