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自雇者时间价值的评估

Valuing the Time of the Self-Employed
Review of Economic Studies · 2025 · Daniel Agness、Travis Baseler、Sylvain Chassang、Pascaline Dupas、Erik Snowberg

中文摘要

人们对自身时间的估值是公共政策评估的一项关键投入——这些评估应考虑政策所占用的工作或闲暇时间。衡量自雇者的时间价值具有挑战性,因为根据定义,这一价值并非由市场定价。利用从肯尼亚西部农户收集的丰富选择数据,我们表明,农户表现出非传递性偏好。因此,无论是市场工资还是标准估值方法,都无法正确衡量参与者的时间价值。通过结构模型,我们识别了参与者选择中的行为楔子,并发现,当农户以现金换取时间或商品时,会出现扭曲。我们的模型估计结果提示,将自雇者的时间按市场工资的60%估值,是一个合理的经验法则。

Abstract

Abstract People’s value of their own time is a key input in public policy evaluations—these evaluations should account for time taken away from work or leisure as a result of policy. Measuring this value for the self-employed is challenging, as, by definition, it is not priced by the market. Using rich choice data collected from farming households in western Kenya, we show that households exhibit non-transitive preferences. As a result, neither market wages nor standard valuation techniques correctly measure participants’ value of time. Using a structural model, we identify the behavioural wedges in participants’ choices and find that distortions appear when households exchange cash either for time or for goods. Our model estimates suggest that valuing the time of the self-employed at 60% of the market wage is a reasonable rule of thumb.
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