美国六十年间的终身劳动收入

中文摘要

比较1957年与1983年进入劳动力市场的群体，男性的终身劳动收入中位数下降了10%–19%，女性则上升了22%–33%，不过女性的这一增幅是相对于早期群体极低的终身劳动收入中位数而言的。较晚与较早进入劳动力市场的群体之间的差异，源于进入劳动力市场时劳动收入中位数的差异。各性别群体内部的终身劳动收入不平等均显著上升，但终身劳动收入性别差距的缩小，使总体终身劳动收入不平等保持稳定。男性终身劳动收入不平等的上升，在很大程度上可归因于：越晚进入劳动力市场的群体，在进入时其内部的劳动收入不平等水平就越高。

Abstract

Between the 1957 and 1983 labor market entry cohorts, median lifetime earnings declined by 10–19 percent for men and increased by 22–33 percent for women, albeit relative to very low median lifetime earnings for the early cohorts. The difference between newer and older cohorts comes from differences in median earnings at the time of labor market entry. Inequality in lifetime earnings has increased significantly within each gender group, but the closing lifetime gender gap has kept overall lifetime inequality flat. The increase among men is largely attributable to subsequent cohorts entering the labor market with progressively higher levels of inequality. (JEL D15, J16, J31, J32)