生产网络中的工人流动
Worker Mobility in Production Networks
Review of Economic Studies · 2024 · [{"name": "Marvin Cardoza", "affiliation": ["Universidad Católica Santo Domingo"]}, {"name": "Francesco Grigoliy", "affiliation": ["International Monetary Fund"]}, {"name": "Nicola Pierri", "affiliation": ["International Monetary Fund"]}, {"name": "Cian Ruane", "affiliation": ["International Monetary Fund", "Central Bank of Ireland"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 本文表明生产网络在求职与匹配过程中发挥着关键作用。我们使用多米尼加共和国的雇主—雇员数据，并将其与覆盖全量企业间交易的数据相匹配，记录了生产网络中工人流动的五个事实：（1）工人在买方与供应商之间流动的程度几乎是标准劳动力市场特征所预测水平的两倍；（2）在买方与供应商之间流动的工人相比其他流动者经历了更大的收入增长；（3）当企业从其买方或供应商处雇用员工时，在职工人的收入会增加；（4）供应链招聘之后，企业间贸易随之增加；（5）从买方或供应商处招聘与更强的企业增长相关。调查证据表明，供应链专用人力资本以及关于求职者的更充分信息，是在供应链内部进行招聘的主要原因。这些结果揭示了一个新渠道：影响供应链的因素——例如国际外包或合约摩擦——通过该渠道对劳动力市场产生影响。
Abstract
Abstract This paper documents that production networks play an essential role in the job search and matching process. We document five facts about worker mobility in production networks using employer–employee data matched with the universe of firm-to-firm transactions for the Dominican Republic: (1) workers move between buyers and suppliers almost twice as much as predicted by standard labour market characteristics, (2) movers between buyers and suppliers experience larger earnings increases than other movers, (3) incumbent workers earnings increase when their firm hires from its buyers or suppliers, (4) firm-to-firm trade increases following supply chain hires, and (5) hiring from buyers or suppliers is associated with stronger firm growth. Survey evidence points to supply chain-specific human capital and better information about job applicants as the main reasons for hiring within the supply chain. These results reveal a new channel through which factors affecting the supply chain, such as international outsourcing or contracting frictions, impact labour markets.