Isolating Personal Knowledge Spillovers: Coinventor Deaths and Spatial Citation Differentials
中文摘要
我们提出了一种新方法，利用同一专利中处于不同地理位置的共同发明人在申请后但授权前的死亡，来估计并分离因个人的物理存在而产生的知识溢出的本地化效应。该方法估计了在逐渐扩大的半径范围内，死亡发明人与在世发明人之间本地引用的差异。相对于在世的共同发明人，专利从死亡发明人周围20英里半径范围内获得的引用减少了26%。差异随时间和距离而衰减，当在世的共同发明人居住地离死亡发明人更远时差异更强，且在可能为过早死亡的子样本中依然成立。（JEL O31, O33, O34, R32）
Abstract
We propose a new method to estimate and isolate the localization of knowledge spillovers due to the physical presence of a person, using after-application but pre-grant deaths of differently located coinventors of the same patent. The approach estimates the differences in local citations between the deceased and still-living inventors at increasingly distant radii. Patents receive 26 percent fewer citations from within a radius of 20 miles around the deceased, relative to still-living coinventors. Differences attenuate with time and distance, are stronger when still-living coinventors live farther from the deceased, and hold for a subsample of possibly premature deaths. (JEL O31, O33, O34, R32)