与前沿的接近程度、加成率与创新对外国竞争的反应：来自智利生产—创新匹配调查的证据

Proximity to the Frontier, Markups, and the Response of Innovation to Foreign Competition: Evidence from Matched Production-Innovation Surveys in Chile

中文摘要

本文利用智利经匹配的企业生产—创新面板数据集，探讨企业创新对中国冲击所引发的竞争加剧的反应。这些数据涵盖的创新投入与产出比以往可获取的数据更为广泛，并可据此构建加成率和效率（TFPQ）指标，分别与熊彼特理论文献所设想的租金和技术领先地位概念紧密对应。除生产率最高的10%的工厂出现质量提高外，竞争加剧使大多数创新指标下降。在与工厂层面的租金变动进行交互时，这些差异进一步扩大。

Abstract

This paper employs a matched firm production-innovation panel dataset from Chile to explore the response of firm innovation to the increased competition arising from the China shock. The data cover a wider range of innovation inputs and outputs than previously possible and allow generating measures of markups and efficiency (TFPQ) that correspond closely to the concepts of rents and technological leadership envisaged in the Schumpeterian literature. Except for the 10 percent most productive plants that see an increase in quality, increased competition depresses most measures of innovation. These differences are exacerbated when interacted with plant-level movements in rents. (JEL D24, L25, L60, O14, O19, O31, O34)