中文摘要
我们通过考察受益人在相关行业开始产出后的效应，评估招生配额在公平与效率之间的权衡。我们估计了废除小学男教师40%配额对其学生长期结果的影响。我们将这项改革与工会谈判确定的教师退休时间相结合，以分离出男性配额教师中的准随机变异。曾接触男性配额教师的学生向义务教育后教育阶段过渡更为顺畅，且在25岁时具有更高的受教育水平和劳动力市场依附度。证据表明，该配额通过修复无约束选拔过程中的缺陷，改善了人才配置。(JEL I21, I23, I28, J16, J24, J45)
Abstract
We evaluate equity-efficiency trade-offs from admissions quotas by examining effects on output once beneficiaries start producing in the relevant industry. We estimate the impact of abolishing a 40 percent quota for male primary school teachers on their pupils’ long-run outcomes. We combine this reform with the timing of union-bargained teacher retirements to isolate quasi-random variation in male quota teachers. Pupils exposed to male quota teachers transition more smoothly to postcompulsory education and have higher educational attainment and labor force attachment at age 25. Evidence suggests the quota improved the allocation of talent by mending imperfections in the unconstrained selection process. (JEL I21, I23, I28, J16, J24, J45)