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内幕消息是什么?雇主信息供需面临的挑战

What’s the Inside Scoop? Challenges in the Supply and Demand for Information on Employers
Journal of Labor Economics · 2022 · Jason Sockin、Aaron Sojourner

中文摘要

劳动者难以了解潜在雇主。Glassdoor是一个通过有经验的员工自愿提交的评论,向求职者提供潜在雇主信息的平台。我们发现,对求职者最有价值的内容(负面信息)恰恰是供给风险最高的那类信息,由此形成一种进退两难的困境。较高的评分仅增加了流向较小企业的求职申请,这激励了这些企业阻止负面评论。对雇主报复的担忧抑制了负面评论,并促使确实披露信息的员工隐瞒其身份的某些方面,从而降低了信息的价值。声誉机制为劳动者的信息问题提供了有价值但不完全的解决方案。

Abstract

Workers struggle to understand prospective employers. Through experienced workers’ volunteered reviews, Glassdoor is a platform seeking to provide information about prospective employers to job seekers. We find that the content most valuable to job seekers (negative information) is the kind most risky to supply, pointing to a catch-22. Higher ratings increase job applications to smaller firms only, creating an incentive for them to discourage negative reviews. Concerns about employer retaliation discourage negative reviews and motivate employees who do disclose to conceal aspects of their identity, degrading the information’s value. Reputation institutions provide valuable but partial solutions to workers’ information problems.
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