American Economic Review · 2022 · Michael Dinerstein、Rigissa Megalokonomou、Constantine Yannelis
中文摘要
如果技能未被使用，人力资本可能会折旧。但估计人力资本折旧颇具挑战，因为工人的技能难以衡量，且生产率较低的工人更可能处于非就业状态。我们利用关于教师任课安排及其学生成绩的新行政数据，以及来自希腊教师分配过程的准随机变异，克服了这些挑战。我们发现产出存在显著损失：脱离正式就业的时间每增加一年，学生考试成绩下降0.05个标准差。利用一个简单的生产模型，我们估计技能折旧率为4.3%，经验回报为6.8%。(JEL I21, J24, J45, J64, J65)
Abstract
Human capital can depreciate if skills are unused. But estimating human capital depreciation is challenging, as worker skills are difficult to measure and less productive workers are more likely to spend time in nonemployment. We overcome these challenges with new administrative data on teachers’ assignments and their students’ outcomes, and quasi-random variation from the teacher assignment process in Greece. We find significant losses to output, as a one-year increase in time without formal employment lowers students’ test scores by 0.05 standard deviations. Using a simple production model, we estimate a skill depreciation rate of 4.3 percent and experience returns of 6.8 percent. (JEL I21, J24, J45, J64, J65)