过早成为母亲与父亲：对教育轨迹的影响

中文摘要

本文利用涵盖1990年至1995年出生的六个出生队列的行政数据，考察在青少年时期成为父母对智利青少年在学率的动态影响。采用事件研究方法的分析表明，青少年母亲和父亲的在学率均出现大幅且持续的下降，但母亲所受的影响更大、持续时间更长。异质性分析揭示了社会经济差异，表明来自弱势背景的青少年父母所受的影响更大。本研究揭示了过早成为父母所导致的教育中断的短期动态，为旨在帮助社会经济地位处于弱势的学生留在教育体系或重返教育体系的政策干预提供了启示。 • 在青少年时期成为父母会降低母亲和父亲的在学率。 • 母亲所受的影响更大、持续时间更长。 • 对在学率的负面影响在受孕后持续长达五年。 • 弱势青少年在青少年时期成为父母，其教育受到的影响更大。 • 在青少年成为父母的比率较低的学校，女孩所受的影响更为严重。

Abstract

This paper investigates the dynamic effects of adolescent parenthood on education enrollment in Chile using administrative data covering six cohorts born between 1990 and 1995. Employing an event study methodology, the analysis reveals substantial and persistent declines for both teen mothers and fathers in school enrollment, but more pronounced and enduring effects for mothers. Heterogeneity assessments expose socioeconomic disparities, indicating larger effects among parents from disadvantaged backgrounds. The study sheds light on the short-term dynamics of educational disruptions caused by early parenthood, offering insights for policy interventions aimed at retaining or reintegrating socioeconomically vulnerable students into the education system. • Teenage parenthood reduces school enrollment for both mothers and fathers. • The effect is more pronounced and enduring effect for mothers. • Negative enrollment impacts persist up to five years post-conception. • Disadvantaged adolescents face greater educational impacts from teenage parenthood. • The effects are worse for girls in schools with low rates of teenage parenthood.