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典型家庭访视项目对儿童技能的影响

The Impact of a Prototypical Home Visiting Program on Child Skills
Journal of Labor Economics · 2024 · Jin Zhou、James J. Heckman、Bei Liu、Lu Mai

中文摘要

本文利用一项随机对照试验的数据,估计家庭访视项目对儿童技能的因果影响及其作用机制。我们研究了一项被广泛效仿的儿童早期家庭访视项目,并证明了大规模复制该项目的可行性。我们不局限于将处理效应报告为未加权题项得分,而是进一步评估题项难度。为解释处理效应,我们估计个体层面的潜在技能,并比较处理组与对照组。该项目显著提升了多项技能。我们对处理效应的来源进行分解,发现潜在技能的提升解释了语言和认知方面大部分常规处理效应。

Abstract

This paper estimates the causal impacts on child skills and the mechanisms producing these impacts using data from a randomized control experiment. We study a widely emulated early-childhood home visiting program and show the feasibility of replicating it at scale. We go beyond reporting treatment effects as unweighted item scores and assess item difficulties. To interpret treatment effects, we estimate individual-level latent skills and compare treatments and controls. The program substantially improves multiple skills. We decompose the source of treatment effects and find that enhancements in latent skills explain most of the conventional treatment effects for language and cognition.
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