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急诊科就诊趋势能告诉我们哪些有关儿童心理健康的信息?

What Can Trends in Emergency Department Visits Tell Us About Child Mental Health?
Journal of Human Resources · 2025 · Han Choi、Adriana Corredor‐Waldron、Janet Currie、Chris Felton

中文摘要

急诊科中心理健康诊断和自杀行为的增加,常被援引为儿童心理健康危机正在加速的证据。我们考察急诊科就诊趋势能否准确反映美国儿童心理健康状况的变化。这些衡量指标深受心理疾病筛查、界定与编码惯例变化的影响。我们的结论是,儿童心理健康状况确实在恶化,但恶化幅度并未达到自杀意念等部分指标的跳升及其趋势所显示的惊人程度。尽管报告的自杀行为在2006年至2021年间上升了228%,但心理健康障碍的真实增幅不太可能超过同期观察到的青少年自杀66%的增幅。

Abstract

<h3>Abstract</h3> Increases in mental health diagnoses and suicidal behaviors in Emergency Departments are often cited as evidence of an accelerating child mental health crisis. We ask whether trends in ED visits provide an accurate picture of changes in U.S. child mental health. These measures have been profoundly affected by changing conventions about screening, defining, and coding of mental illness. We conclude that child mental health has been deteriorating, but not by the startling magnitudes suggested by jumps and trends in some measures such as suicidal ideation. Although reported suicidal behaviors rose 228% from 2006-2021, the true rise in mental health disorders is unlikely to exceed the 66% rise in youth suicide observed over the same period.
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