中文摘要
本文考察发展项目对经济网络的影响。为此，我们研究了冈比亚一项随机分配的社区驱动发展项目对农村村庄内部经济互动的影响。该项目为村庄层面的生产性资本存量和全村范围的集体活动提供了外生变异来源。基于经济网络和社会网络的详细数据，我们发现处理组村庄中这些网络内的转移出现了统计显著的减少。在理论框架的指导下，我们考察了几种可能的机制，并发现了与两条渠道相一致的证据。第一，证据指向幅度较小的财富效应，以及村庄层面向更为正规的经济转型的过程。第二，我们还发现了与以下机制相一致的证据：精英俘获、偏袒及收益分配不均导致社会资本减少，进而使经济交易减少。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，网络变化可能是发展干预产生非预期后果的一条途径。
Abstract
Abstract This article investigates the effects of development projects on economic networks. To this end, we study the impact that a randomly allocated Community-Driven Development program in The Gambia has on economic interactions within rural villages. The program provides an exogenous source of variation to village-level stocks of productive capital and to village-wide collective activities. Based on detailed data on economic and social networks, we find a significant reduction of transfers in these networks in treatment villages. Guided by a theoretical framework, we investigate several possible mechanisms and find evidence that is consistent with two channels. First, the evidence points to modest wealth effects and a village-level transformation process towards a more formal economy. Second, we also find evidence that is consistent with elite capture, favouritism, and unequally distributed benefits leading to reductions in social capital and thus economic transactions. Overall, our findings suggest changes in networks as an avenue through which development interventions may have unintended consequences.