童年社交技能与自控力训练对经济与非经济结果的影响：基于行政数据的随机实验证据

The Impact of Childhood Social Skills and Self-Control Training on Economic and Noneconomic Outcomes: Evidence from a Randomized Experiment Using Administrative Data

中文摘要

20世纪80年代，一项旨在改善处于风险中的幼儿园男孩的社交技能与自控力的童年干预，在其生命历程中产生了积极影响：青少年时期的信任水平和自控力更高；成年早期加入的社会团体更多、教育水平更高，犯罪行为更少；成年后的结婚和就业情况有所增加。利用行政数据，我们发现，该干预使年均就业收入增加了约20%，使年均社会转移支付减少了近40%。我们估计，在参与者8岁左右时向该项目每投入1美元，截至其39岁可产生约11美元的收益，内部收益率约为17%。

Abstract

A childhood intervention to improve the social skills and self-control of at-risk kindergarten boys in the 1980s had positive impacts over the life course: higher trust and self-control as adolescents; increased social group membership, education, and reduced criminality as young adults; and increased marriage and employment as adults. Using administrative data, we find this intervention increased average yearly employment income by about 20 percent and decreased average yearly social transfers by almost 40 percent. We estimate that $1 invested in this program around age 8 yields about $11 in benefits by age 39, with an internal rate of return of around 17 percent. (JEL I21, I26, I28, J13, J24, J31, Z13)