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招聘中的自由裁量权*

Discretion in Hiring*
Quarterly Journal of Economics · 2017 · Mitchell Hoffman、Lisa Kahn、Danielle Li

中文摘要

岗位测试技术使企业在做出招聘决策时减少对人为判断的依赖。加大对测试得分的权重可以通过减弱人为偏误或失误的影响来改善招聘决策,但也可能导致企业放弃管理者可能拥有的有价值的私有信息。我们研究了在15家雇佣低技能服务业工人的企业中引入岗位测试的情况。我们发现,面对相似的申请者群体,那些似乎违背测试推荐进行招聘的管理者最终录用的平均质量更差。这表明管理者推翻测试推荐通常是因为他们存在偏误或失误,而不仅仅是因为他们拥有更优的私有信息。

Abstract

Job-testing technologies enable firms to rely less on human judgment when making hiring decisions. Placing more weight on test scores may improve hiring decisions by reducing the influence of human bias or mistakes but may also lead firms to forgo the potentially valuable private information of their managers. We study the introduction of job testing across 15 firms employing low-skilled service sector workers. When faced with similar applicant pools, we find that managers who appear to hire against test recommendations end up with worse average hires. This suggests that managers often overrule test recommendations because they are biased or mistaken, not only because they have superior private information.
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