归咎于风？风力发电机对鸟类生物多样性的影响

中文摘要

我们利用中国的公民科学数据，定量评估了陆上风力发电机对鸟类多样性的影响。结果表明，在县级层面，风力发电机数量增加一个标准差，会使鸟类丰度下降9.75%，并使鸟类物种丰富度下降12.2%。与其他鸟类相比，候鸟以及森林、城市和农田中的鸟类受到的负面影响更为显著。生物多样性保护有助于减轻风力发电机对鸟类丰度的不利影响。我们还发现，风力发电机安装后，是栖息地丧失而非食物链变化促成了生物多样性损失。考虑碳减排效应时，风力发电机对环境的净影响为正。

Abstract

We quantitatively assess the impacts of onshore wind turbines on bird diversity using citizen science data in China. Results show that a one-standard-deviation increase in wind turbines reduces bird abundance by 9.75% and leads to a 12.2% reduction in bird species richness at the county level. The negative impacts are more significant in migrant birds, birds in forests, urban and farmlands than others. Biodiversity protection helps to safeguard bird abundance against wind turbines. We also find that habitat loss rather than food chain change after the wind turbine installations contributes to biodiversity loss. The net impact of wind turbines on the environment is positive when considering the carbon reduction effects.