中文摘要
本研究利用通过音频计算机辅助自访（ACASI）收集的新型个体层面冲突数据，考察暴力冲突暴露对埃塞俄比亚成年青年信任的影响。总体而言，我们发现，暴力暴露程度越高，对同一社区居民的信任越低，但对普遍信任或对其他社区居民的信任没有统计显著的影响。本地社区信任的下降普遍存在于男性和女性以及各族群中；无论是个人直接受害，还是通过家人、朋友及目击事件产生的间接暴露，均可观察到这种下降。我们还发现，较低程度的暴力暴露可能提高本地信任，而较高程度的暴露则导致信任大幅下降。最后，冲突暴露与心理健康恶化、感知到的社区安全程度降低、流离失所以及更严重的粮食不安全在统计上显著相关，这提示上述因素可能是暴力冲突削弱本地社区内部信任的合理作用渠道。
• 本研究利用新型个体层面的ACASI数据，考察暴力冲突暴露对埃塞俄比亚成年青年信任的影响。
• 暴力暴露程度越高，对同一社区居民的信任越低。
• 对普遍信任或对其他社区居民信任的平均效应不具有统计显著性。
• 本地信任的下降存在于男性和女性、各族群以及直接和间接暴露情形中；较低程度的暴露可能提高本地信任。
• 心理健康、安全、流离失所和粮食不安全可能是冲突暴露导致本地信任降低的作用路径。
Abstract
This study investigates the effects of exposure to violent conflict on trust among young adults in Ethiopia, using novel individual-level conflict data collected via audio computer-assisted self-interviewing. Overall, we find that greater exposure to violence decreases trust towards individuals living in the same neighbourhood but has no significant effect on generalized trust or trust in individuals from other neighbourhoods. The decline in local neighbourhood trust is pervasive across men and women and across ethnic groups, and is observed for both direct personal victimization and indirect exposure through family, friends, and witnessed events. We also find that low levels of exposure to violence may foster higher local trust, whereas higher levels of exposure lead to substantial declines. Finally, conflict exposure is significantly associated with deteriorations in mental health, lower perceived neighbourhood safety, physical displacement, and greater food insecurity, pointing to potentially plausible channels through which violent conflict may weaken trust within local communities. • We study the effects of exposure to violent conflict on trust among young adults in Ethiopia using novel individual-level ACASI data. • Greater exposure to violence decreases trust towards individuals living in the same neighbourhood. • No significant average effects on generalized trust or trust in individuals from other neighbourhoods. • Local trust declines across men and women, across ethnic groups, and for direct and indirect exposure; low exposure may foster higher local trust. • Mental health, safety, displacement and food insecurity are plausible pathways linking conflict exposure to lower local trust.