伤病、工作负荷与NBA教练的策略性应对

中文摘要

劳动者的努力会提高当期产出，但可能导致伤病或倦怠。将努力从最易受伤的劳动者身上转移出去可以降低这一风险，然而有关受伤风险暴露的信息往往是隐藏的。我们研究管理者是否会依据这类私人信息采取行动，并以NBA作为一个数据丰富的工作场所进行考察。我们以队友缺阵作为工作负荷的工具变量，发现工作会因果性地提高受伤风险，这与运动医学研究中常见的虚假负相关形成对比。我们还表明，教练会针对受伤风险冲击让球员轮休。通过依据这类私人信息采取行动，教练可以提高球员的生产率。

Abstract

Worker effort increases contemporaneous output but may result in injury or burnout. Directing effort away from the workers most exposed to injury would reduce this risk, but information on the exposure is often hidden. We ask whether managers act on such private information, studying the NBA as a data-rich workplace. Instrumenting workload with teammate absence, we find that work causally raises injury risk, which contrasts with the spurious negative correlation commonly found in sports medicine studies. We also show that coaches rest players in response to injury risk shocks. By acting on this private information, coaches can raise player productivity.