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性别、信念与存在外部性的协调

Gender, beliefs, and coordination with externalities
Journal of Public Economics · 2022 · Timothy N. Cason、Lata Gangadharan、Philip J. Grossman

中文摘要

诸如委员会或董事会等群体在组织内部做出许多重要决策。其中许多决策会影响外部各方。本文采用实验方法,研究三人群体的性别构成如何影响在一个包含自利均衡与亲社会均衡的协调博弈中的选择与信念。我们发现,群体成员的社会偏好是群体协调选择的关键决定因素。在控制群体社会偏好的情况下,女性成员更多的群体更可能做出对外部各方更友善的选择。男性和女性都认为女性会更频繁地做出更友善的选择。由全男性组成的群体被预期做出的友善选择比全女性群体少18个百分点。总体而言,男性被预期比女性少9个百分点的友善程度。这些结果对旨在提高企业部门、政界和学术界决策委员会中的性别多样性和女性代表性的公共政策具有启示意义。

Abstract

Groups such as committees or boards make many important decisions within organizations. Many of these decisions affect external parties. This paper uses an experimental approach to study how the gender composition of three-person groups affects choices and beliefs in a Coordination game with selfish and prosocial equilibria. We find that the social preferences of group members are a key determinant of the group’s coordination choice. Controlling for social preferences of the group, groups with more women are more likely to make choices that are kinder to external parties. Both men and women believe that women will make kinder choices more frequently. Groups comprised of all men are expected to make 18 percentage points fewer kind choices than groups of all women. Men are also expected to be 9 percentage points less kind than women overall. These results have implications for public policies intended to increase gender diversity and women’s representation on decision-making committees in the corporate sector, in politics, and in academia.
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