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最低工资实施后德国的工资不平等

Wage Inequality in Germany after the Minimum Wage Introduction
Journal of Labor Economics · 2022 · Mario Bossler、Thorsten Schänk

中文摘要

2000年代初,德国的月工资不平等继续加剧,这主要可由兼职就业比例的上升来解释。2010年后,工资不平等回落至2000年的水平。近期工资不平等的降幅中,约有一半归因于2015年全国最低工资的实施。尽管最低工资的就业效应可忽略不计,但我们发现现有就业群体的工资大幅增长。最低工资降低了德国东部和西部各自内部的工资不平等,同时也缩小了东西部工资差距。劳动收入的增加并未被社会福利的减少所抵消。

Abstract

Monthly wage inequality in Germany continued to increase in the early 2000s, which is mainly explained by a rising part-time employment share. After 2010, inequality returned to the level of 2000. About half of the recent decrease is due to the introduction of the national minimum wage in 2015. While employment effects of the minimum wage are negligible, we find strong wage increases among the existing workforce. The minimum wage lowered wage inequality within eastern and western Germany but also led to a convergence of the east-west wage differential. The increased labor incomes were not offset by decreasing social benefits.
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