American Economic Review · 2022 · Stefano DellaVigna、John A. List、Ulrike Malmendier、Gautam Rao
中文摘要
我们设计了三个实地实验，以估计工人对雇主的社会偏好如何激励其工作努力。我们改变向工人提供的工资率、对雇主的回报以及通过意外礼物展示的雇主慷慨程度。即使没有私人激励，工人也会付出努力，但其努力对雇主的回报不敏感。这与“温暖光辉”一致，但与纯粹利他主义不符。礼物对生产率没有影响，但会诱发额外工作。这一差异部分可以通过以下发现来解释：额外工作对激励的反应远比生产率对激励的反应更强烈。(JEL C93, J24, J28, J33, M52)
Abstract
We design three field experiments to estimate how workers' social preferences toward their employer motivates their work effort. We vary the pay rates offered to workers, the return to the employer, and employer generosity demonstrated via unexpected gifts. Workers exert effort even without private incentives, but their effort is insensitive to the return to the employer. This is consistent with “warm glow” but not pure altruism. The gifts have no effect on productivity, but engender extra work. This difference is explained partly by the finding that extra work is much more responsive to incentives than is productivity. (JEL C93, J24, J28, J33, M52)