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大学学费与收入不平等

College Tuition and Income Inequality
American Economic Review · 2021 · Zhifeng Cai、Jonathan Heathcote

中文摘要

本文评估了收入不平等加剧在解释观察到的大学学费上涨中所起的作用。我们构建了一个大学市场的竞争模型,其中大学质量取决于教学支出与录取学生的平均能力。我们模型的一个创新特征是允许大学质量呈连续分布。我们发现,观察到的美国收入不平等加剧能够解释自1990年以来平均净学费上涨的一半以上,并且收入不平等加剧也抑制了大学入学率。本文表达的观点仅代表作者本人,不一定代表明尼阿波利斯联邦储备银行或联邦储备系统的观点。

Abstract

This paper evaluates the role of rising income inequality in explaining observed growth in college tuition.We develop a competitive model of the college market, in which college quality depends on instructional expenditure and the average ability of admitted students.An innovative feature of our model is that it allows for a continuous distribution of college quality.We find that observed increases in US income inequality can explain more than half of the observed rise in average net tuition since 1990 and that rising income inequality has also depressed college attendance.The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis or the Federal Reserve System.
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