劳动力市场中的匹配摩擦有多重要？来自一家印度大型企业的实验与非实验证据

中文摘要

本文提供了印度劳动力市场存在匹配摩擦的证据。使用多种方法来引出求职者对工作的真实偏好，我们表明：求职者对相同工作的偏好存在显著差异；以及负责将求职者安置到工作岗位上的安置专员对此知之甚少。向安置专员提供这些信息改善了求职者与面试的匹配，即使在考虑了求职者之间工作岗位的重新分配之后也是如此。处理组求职者获得了更偏好的工作并在短期（三个月）内保留它们，但在较长期（六个月）则不然。

Abstract

This paper provides evidence of matching frictions in the Indian labor market. Using several methods to elicit genuine preferences of job-seekers over jobs, we show that: (a) there is substantial variation in job-seekers preferences over the same jobs; and (b) placement officers, responsible for placing job-seekers in jobs, have poor knowledge of it. Providing placement offers with this information improves matching of job-seekers to interviews, even after taking into account redistribution of jobs across job-seekers. Treated job-seekers get more preferred jobs and retain them in the short run (three months), but not in the longer run (six months).