社会经济地位与儿童智商及经济偏好的不平等

中文摘要

本文探讨了来自高社会经济地位（SES）家庭与低SES家庭儿童在智商与经济偏好上的不平等。我们记录到，高SES家庭儿童更聪明、更有耐心、更利他，且风险寻求倾向较低。为理解其内在机制，我们提出了一个关于SES、亲代投资以及母亲智商和偏好如何影响儿童智商和偏好的分析框架。我们的结果表明，亲代投资水平的差异具有实质重要性。鉴于智商和偏好对行为与结果的重要性，我们的发现为社会流动性不足提供了一种解释。

Abstract

This paper explores inequalities in IQ and economic preferences between children from families of high and low socioeconomic status (SES). We document that children from high-SES families are more intelligent, patient, and altruistic as well as less risk seeking. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we propose a framework of how SES, parental investments, as well as maternal IQ and preferences influence a child’s IQ and preferences. Our results indicate that disparities in the level of parental investments hold substantial importance. In light of the importance of IQ and preferences for behaviors and outcomes, our findings offer an explanation for social immobility.