国际移民的社会融合: 来自德国叙利亚人网络的证据
The Social Integration of International Migrants: Evidence from the Networks of Syrians in Germany
Journal of Political Economy · 2025 · [{"name": "Michael Bailey", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Drew Johnston", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Martin Koenen", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Theresa Kuchler", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Dominic Russel", "affiliation": []}, {"name": "Johannes Stroebel", "affiliation": []}]
中文摘要
我们利用 Facebook 数据研究叙利亚移民在德国的社会融入，得出五项发现：（1）移民的社会融入程度因地区而异，这由因果性的、基于地域的（place-based）效应所驱动。（2）这种空间差异反映了德国人结交邻居的频率，以及他们结交移民相对于结交其他德国人的可能性。我们采用迁移者设计（mover's design）表明，这两个因素更多受地方制度与政策的塑造，而非由本地居民的持久性特征所决定。（3）融入课程提高了群体间的交友率。（4）移民从德国人那里获得帮助，例如找工作或找住房。（5）在高中阶段准随机接触到移民的德国人，日后更有可能与移民成为朋友。
Abstract
We use Facebook data to study Syrian migrants’ social integration in Germany, establishing five findings: (1) Migrants’ social integration varies across regions, driven by causal, place-based effects. (2) This spatial variation reflects how frequently Germans befriend neighbors and how likely they are to befriend migrants versus other Germans. Using a mover’s design, we show that both factors are shaped more by local institutions and policies than by persistent native characteristics. (3) Integration courses boost intergroup friending rates. (4) Migrants receive help from Germans, such as finding jobs or housing. (5) Germans quasi-randomly exposed to migrants in high school are likelier to befriend migrants later.