空间流动的经济学: 基于智能手机数据的理论与证据
The Economics of Spatial Mobility: Theory and Evidence Using Smartphone Data
Quarterly Journal of Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Yuhei Miyauchi", "affiliation": ["Boston University"]}, {"name": "Kentaro Nakajima", "affiliation": ["Hitotsubashi University"]}, {"name": "Stephen J. Redding", "affiliation": ["Center for Economic and Policy Research", "National Bureau of Economic Research", "Stanford University"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 我们构建了一个易于处理(tractable)的定量框架, 用于刻画智能手机数据中观察到的丰富空间流动模式。我们表明, 出行往往作为出行行程(travel itinerary)的一部分而发生; 出行行程定义为在给定一天内从家出发、最终回到家, 且可包含一个以上中途停留点的旅程。我们表明, 这些出行行程为消费外部性提供了微观基础, 并在不同地点之间同时产生互补性与替代性。我们表明, 出行行程所蕴含的消费外部性对于匹配向居家办公转变所提供的准实验证据至关重要。我们发现, 这些消费外部性是经济活动在中心城市集聚的关键驱动因素, 并塑造了不同交通改善方案所带来的相对福利收益, 使其更有利于对中心城市的投资。
Abstract
ABSTRACT We develop a tractable quantitative framework for modeling the rich patterns of spatial mobility observed in smartphone data. We show that travel is frequently undertaken as part of a travel itinerary, defined as a journey starting and ending at home that can include more than one intermediate stop on a given day. We show that these travel itineraries provide microfoundations for consumption externalities and generate both complementarity and substitutability between locations. We show that the consumption externalities implied by travel itineraries are central to matching quasi-experimental evidence from the shift to working from home. We find that these consumption externalities are key drivers of the agglomeration of economic activity in central cities and shape the relative welfare gains from alternative transport improvements in favor of investments in central cities.