公共场所性骚扰与警察巡逻: 来自印度城市的实验证据
Sexual Harassment in Public Spaces and Police Patrols: Experimental Evidence from Urban India
Quarterly Journal of Economics · 2025 · [{"name": "Sofia Amaral", "affiliation": ["World Bank", "Fafo Foundation"]}, {"name": "Girija Borker", "affiliation": ["World Bank", "IZA - Institute of Labor Economics", "Korea Labor Institute", "World Bank Group"]}, {"name": "Nathan Fiala", "affiliation": ["University of Connecticut"]}, {"name": "Anjani Kumar", "affiliation": ["Indian Health Service"]}, {"name": "Nishith Prakash", "affiliation": ["Global Development Network", "Bureau of Economic Analysis", "Northeastern University", "IZA - Institute of Labor Economics", "Korea Labor Institute", "Eastern University", "Fafo Foundation"]}, {"name": "María Micaela Sviatschi", "affiliation": ["National Bureau of Economic Research", "Fafo Foundation"]}]
中文摘要
摘要 我们开展了一项随机对照试验，以评估一项创新性警察巡逻计划对印度海得拉巴市公共空间性骚扰的影响。在与海得拉巴市警方的合作下，我们通过在350个热点区域同时部署制服警员和便衣警员，随机化了女性所面对的警察巡逻程度以及警员的可见性。为评估效果，我们实施了一项新颖的高频观察工作来测量这些热点区域的性骚扰情况，由调查员实时记录所有观察到的性骚扰事件及女性的反应。我们发现，尽管警察巡逻对整体街头骚扰没有影响，但制服警员巡逻使严重形式的骚扰（强行触摸、恐吓）减少了27%，并降低了女性因性骚扰而离开热点区域的可能性。我们揭示了其背后的机制，发现警察的可见性与警员对性骚扰的态度都是理解性骚扰发生率的关键。
Abstract
Abstract We conduct a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of an innovative police patrol program on sexual harassment in public spaces in Hyderabad, India. In collaboration with the Hyderabad City Police, we randomize exposure to police patrols and the visibility of officers by deploying both uniformed and undercover officers across 350 hot spots. To assess the effect, we implement a novel, high-frequency observation exercise to measure sexual harassment at these hot spots, where enumerators recorded all observed instances of sexual harassment and women’s responses in real time. We find that although police patrols had no effect on overall street harassment, uniformed police patrols reduced severe forms of harassment (forceful touching, intimidation) by 27% and reduced the likelihood of women leaving the hot spot due to sexual harassment. We uncovered the underlying mechanisms and found that both police visibility and officers’ attitudes toward sexual harassment are key to understanding its incidence.