对社会规范的误判与应对气候变化的行动意愿

中文摘要

我们在一个美国成年人大样本中记录了个体应对气候变化的行动意愿，并研究了社会规范的作用。个体对社会规范的信念正向预测亲气候捐赠，其强度与普遍道德价值观和经济偏好相当。然而，我们记录了社会规范的系统性误判。受访者严重低估了气候友好行为与规范的普遍程度。在一项实验中纠正这些误判，因果性地提高了个体应对气候变化的行动意愿以及个体对气候政策的支持。该效应对于那些对全球变暖的存在及威胁持怀疑态度的个体最为强烈。

Abstract

Abstract We document the individual willingness to act against climate change and study the role of social norms in a large sample of U.S. adults. Individual beliefs about social norms positively predict pro-climate donations, comparable in strength to universal moral values and economic preferences. However, we document systematic misperceptions of social norms. Respondents vastly underestimate the prevalence of climate-friendly behaviors and norms. Correcting these misperceptions in an experiment causally raises individual willingness to act against climate change and individual support for climate policies. The effects are strongest for individuals who are skeptical about the existence and threat of global warming.