American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2025 · Demid Getik、Armando N. Meier
中文摘要
我们研究早期性别环境对劳动力市场不平等的影响。为此，我们将小学数据与职业和收入数据联系起来。我们发现，在关键年龄阶段接触更多女生的女性日后收入更高：女生占比每提高10%，会使性别工资差距缩小2.7%。我们探讨了作用机制，发现女性显著更多地选择了性别刻板印象较弱的教育轨道和职业，从而获得更高收入。因此，早期的性别环境会导致职业轨迹和收入产生持久性变化。（JEL I24, I26, J16, J24, J31）
Abstract
We study the impact of the early gender environment on inequality in the labor market. To this end, we link primary school data to occupations and earnings. We find that women exposed to more girls at critical ages earn more later on: A 10 percent increase in the share of girls leads to a gender wage gap reduction of 2.7 percent. We explore mechanisms and find a strong selection of women into less gender-stereotypical educational tracks and occupations, leading to higher earnings. The gender environment at an early age, therefore, leads to persistent changes in career trajectories and earnings. (JEL I24, I26, J16, J24, J31)