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高额激励为何引发抵触:一项框架实地实验

Why High Incentives Cause Repugnance: a Framed Field Experiment
The Economic Journal · 2024 · Robert Stüber

中文摘要

令人抵触的交易市场的一个关键特征是,某些交易似乎只有在涉及高额货币激励时才会引发道德关切。本文利用一项具有代表性样本的框架实地实验表明,这种偏好确实存在,并对其成因进行了探究。参与者可以允许或阻止第三方因登记成为干细胞和骨髓捐献者而获得金钱补偿。我发现,相当一部分个体会允许较低金额的报酬,但会阻止高额货币激励。借助实验处理变异,我表明,他们阻止高额激励要约的偏好源于保护那些会被高额激励诱导的个体的意愿。来自伦理委员会的一项调查实验的证据凸显了这一发现的现实重要性。

Abstract

A key feature of markets for repugnant transactions is that certain transactions seem to raise moral concerns only when they involve high monetary incentives. Using a framed field experiment with a representative sample, I show that these preferences exist, and I investigate why people display it. Participants can permit or prevent a third party from being financially compensated for registering as a stem cell and bone marrow donor. I find that a substantial fraction of individuals permit a low payment but prevent high monetary incentives. With the help of experimental treatment variation, I show that their preference to prevent high incentive offers is caused by the desire to protect individuals who are persuaded by high incentives. Evidence from a survey experiment with ethic committees emphasizes the practical importance of this finding.
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