职业生涯早期冲击对代际流动性的影响

Journal of Labor Economics · 2024 · [{"name": "Martti Kaila", "affiliation": ["University of Glasgow"]}, {"name": "Emily Nix", "affiliation": ["University of Southern California", "California Southern University"]}, {"name": "Krista Riukula", "affiliation": []}]

中文摘要

子女与父母的收入高度相关, 但对于职业生涯早期的冲击如何促成这种相关性, 我们知之甚少。本文聚焦于一种具有重要后果的劳动力市场冲击: 失业。我们记录了三项新发现。第一, 出生于收入分布底部20%的成年子女, 其失业后的失业程度是来自顶部20%者的两倍, 收入损失则高出154%。第二, 对于受冲击影响的群体, 这使排名—排名相关性提高了30%。第三, 较富裕的父母会在成年子女失业后为其提供职业机会, 这与"来自富裕父母的优势持续延伸至成年阶段"相一致。

Abstract

Children’s and parents’ incomes are highly correlated, yet little is known about how early-career shocks contribute to this correlation. This paper focuses on a consequential labor market shock: job loss. We document three new results. First, adult children born into the bottom 20% of the income distribution have double the unemployment following job loss compared with those from the top 20% and 154% higher earnings losses. Second, this increases the rank-rank correlation 30% for those impacted. Third, richer parents provide career opportunities to their adult children after job loss, consistent with advantages from wealthy parents persisting well into adulthood.