American Economic Journal: Economic Policy · 2022 · Jevan Cherniwchan、Nouri Najjar
中文摘要
本文研究一种常见形式的环境规制——空气质量标准——如何影响出口企业。我们构建了一个简单的理论模型，以说明这些标准的设计如何导致 (i) 部分企业停止出口，以及 (ii) 受影响的继续出口企业的出口量下降。我们利用加拿大空气质量标准设计所产生的准实验变异对这些预测进行实证检验。我们的估计证实了模型的预测：我们发现，对于受影响最大的制造企业，规制使其出口量下降了32%，并使工厂停止出口的可能性提高了5个百分点。(JEL D12, F14, F18, Q53, Q58)
Abstract
This paper investigates how a common form of environmental regulation—air quality standards—affects exporters. We develop a simple theoretical model to show how the design of these standards causes (i) some firms to stop exporting and (ii) a reduction in the export volumes of affected continuing exporters. We exploit quasi-experimental variation resulting from the design of Canadian air quality standards to test these predictions empirically. Our estimates confirm our model’s predictions: we find that for the most affected manufacturers, regulation reduced export volumes by 32 percent and increased the likelihood plants stop exporting by 5 percentage points. (JEL D12, F14, F18, Q53, Q58)