性别工资差距是否影响巴西的亲密伴侣暴力？

Journal of Human Resources · 2023 · [{"name": "Elizaveta Perova", "affiliation": ["World Bank"]}, {"name": "Sarah Reynolds", "affiliation": ["University of California, Berkeley"]}, {"name": "Ian M. Schmutte", "affiliation": ["University of Georgia"]}]

中文摘要

工资方面更高的性别平等，可能通过改善女性的经济机会、使其得以离开受虐关系，从而减少亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）。另一方面，女性收入的增加也可能诱使暴力被用作一种攫取（榨取）机制，或在男性的经济优势受到挑战后，成为其维护优越地位的替代方式。利用来自巴西的面板数据，我们检验性别工资比是否影响以三类行政数据衡量的亲密伴侣暴力：凶杀（致死）、因遭受攻击而过夜住院，以及医疗服务提供者对亲密伴侣暴力的强制报告。在收入很可能构成离开受虐关系之硬性约束的环境中——即低收入环境和较年轻女性群体中——更高的工资平等会带来针对女性的暴力的减少。

Abstract

<h3>Abstract</h3> Greater gender equality in wages may reduce Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) by improving women’s economic opportunities and enabling them to leave abusive relationships. On the other hand, increases in women’s income may trigger use of violence as an extractive mechanism or as an alternative way to assert superiority for men once economic superiority was challenged. Using panel data from Brazil, we test if the gender wage ratio influences IPV as measured in three types of administrative data: homicides, overnight hospitalizations for assault, and mandatory reports of IPV by health care providers. More wage equality leads to a reduction in violence against women in settings where income is likely to be a binding constraint for leaving abusive relationship: in low-income settings and among younger women.