Journal of Human Resources · 2023 · Jack Rossiter、Might Kojo Abreh、Aisha Ali、Justin Sandefur
中文摘要
西非每年有200万名中学生参加统一组织的考试。考试通过率波动极大，引发了有关作弊和短期政策变化的猜测。为检验这些假说，我们构建了包含2011—2019年试题的混合考试，并组织4,380名学生参加测试。仅考试难度一项就能解释加纳通过率波动的80%，而在尼日利亚及其他地区，其他因素仍具有重要影响。2015年数学考试不及格的考生中，有一半若参加2019年的考试本可及格。基于模型的估计表明，提高考试的可比性将使中学毕业生技能的明瑟回报率提高6个百分点。
Abstract
<h3>Abstract</h3> Each year two million secondary-school students across West Africa sit coordinated exams. Pass rates fluctuate enormously, fueling speculation about cheating and short-term policy changes. To investigate these hypotheses, we construct hybrid exams containing items spanning 2011-2019 and administer these to 4,380 students. Exam difficulty alone explains 80 percent of pass rate fluctuations in Ghana, while additional factors remain influential in Nigeria and elsewhere. Half of the candidates who failed mathematics in 2015 would have passed in 2019. Model based estimates imply that improving exam comparability would increase the Mincerian return to skills among secondary school graduates by 6 percentage points.