← ireadpaper · 顶刊中的公共政策研究

网络中的利他主义

Altruism in Networks
Econometrica · 2017 · Renaud Bourlès A、Yann Bramoullé、Eduardo Perez-Richet

中文摘要

我们首次对网络中的利他主义进行了分析。行为人嵌入于一个固定网络之中,并关心其网络邻居的福祉。视收入情况而定,他们可能向较贫困的朋友提供资金支持。我们研究了由此形成的转移博弈的纳什均衡。我们证明均衡最大化一个凹的势函数。我们建立了均衡的存在性、均衡消费的唯一性以及均衡转移的通有唯一性。我们刻画了转移网络的几何结构,并强调了转移中介所扮演的关键角色。随后我们进行比较静态分析。针对个体的正向收入冲击会使所有人受益。对于收入的小幅变动,转移网络中某一连通分支内的行为人的行为,就好像他们组成了一个收入共享共同体。收入不平等的下降或利他网络的扩张可能加剧消费不平等。

Abstract

We provide the first analysis of altruism in networks. Agents are embedded in a fixed network and care about the well‐being of their network neighbors. Depending on incomes, they may provide financial support to their poorer friends. We study the Nash equilibria of the resulting game of transfers. We show that equilibria maximize a concave potential function. We establish existence, uniqueness of equilibrium consumption, and generic uniqueness of equilibrium transfers. We characterize the geometry of the network of transfers and highlight the key role played by transfer intermediaries. We then study comparative statics. A positive income shock to an individual benefits all. For small changes in incomes, agents in a component of the network of transfers act as if they were organized in an income‐pooling community. A decrease in income inequality or expansion of the altruism network may increase consumption inequality.
在 ireadpaper 查看全部 →