Games and Economic Behavior · 2026 · Lorenz Goette、Hua-Jing Han、Benson Tsz Kin Leung
中文摘要
我们表明,相较于信念确认型信息,更大的记忆过载会导致对信念挑战型信息不成比例的更大欠反应。在一项实验中,我们保持被试所接收的信息不变,但改变记忆信号的难度。在处理条件下,前一个信号在后一个信号出现时消失;在对照条件下,前一个信号保持可见。因此,处理条件下的记忆负荷大于对照条件。我们发现,在处理条件下,被试对信念挑战型信息的欠反应比对照条件下更大,但对信念确认型信息的更新未受显著影响。我们的结果提醒人们警惕那些忽视记忆负荷与注意力作用的信息宣传活动。
Abstract
We show that greater memory overload results in a disproportionately greater underreaction to belief-challenging information compared to belief-confirming information. In an experiment, we keep constant the information subjects receive but vary the difficulty of memorizing the signals. In the treatment condition, the preceding signal disappears as the next signal appears; in the control condition, the preceding signal remains visible. Memory load is therefore greater in the treatment than in the control condition. We find that in the treatment condition, subjects underreact more to belief-challenging information than in the control condition, but updating to belief-confirming information is not significantly affected. Our results caution against information campaigns that ignore the roles of memory load and attention.