Journal of International Economics · 2026 · Paulo Bastos、Katherine Stapleton、Daria Taglioni、Hannah Yi Wei
中文摘要
本文考察了跨国公司及全球价值链联系如何促进新兴技术的跨国扩散。我们利用2014年至2022年17个国家的在线职位招聘详细数据以及跨国公司之间的联系,分析了与新兴技术相关的岗位如何通过企业网络传播。研究发现,新兴技术岗位高度集中于跨国公司及其供应链内部,近三分之一的招聘来自《财富》500强企业及其附属机构、买方、供应商或创新合作伙伴。尽管相关职位空缺最初集中在技术发源地,但随着技术向更富裕、地理位置更近的国家和地区扩散,这一优势会随时间推移而减弱。本文凸显了企业间联系在引导技术扩散中的重要作用:曾是技术发源地机构买方或创新合作伙伴的企业,其技术相关岗位增长更快。
Abstract
This paper examines how multinational firms and global value chain linkages facilitate the cross-country diffusion of emerging technologies. Leveraging detailed data on online job postings across 17 countries and multinational firm linkages from 2014 to 2022, we analyze the propagation of jobs related to emerging technologies through firm networks. Our findings reveal that emerging technology jobs are highly concentrated within multinational firms and their supply chains, with nearly one-third of postings from Fortune 500 firms, their affiliates, buyers, suppliers, or innovation partners. Although related job openings initially cluster in locations where technologies originate, this advantage diminishes over time as technologies diffuse to wealthier and geographically closer countries and regions. This paper highlights the important role of firm-to-firm linkages in channeling technology diffusion: firms that were previously buyers or innovation partners of establishments in technology-originating locations exhibit faster growth in technology-related jobs.