Journal of Economic Literature · 2025 · [{"name": "Yannis M. Ioannides", "affiliation": ["Tufts University"]}, {"name": "L. Rachel Ngai", "affiliation": ["London School of Economics and Political Science"]}]
中文摘要
我们从两个角度考察住房与不平等的文献。其一是禀赋不平等对住房的影响。其二是与社区相关联的“成员身份”不平等，即家庭在地理与社会情境中所处的位置。我们对这两个不平等角度加以阐述，并聚焦住房的三个独特特征：消费、资本与区位。对自住业主而言，资本与消费被捆绑在同一种商品之中。对租户和自住业主双方而言，住房消费不平等、进入优质社区的机会以及住房财富均源于禀赋不平等。住房可能通过使自住业主将其用作其他投资的抵押品，或通过优质社区中更好的学校为人力资本投资带来更高回报，从而传递不平等。我们运用这一方法分析住房与不平等的关键方面，并特别关注种族歧视与种族隔离的影响。（JEL D63, J15, J24, R21, R23, R31）
Abstract
We approach the literature on housing and inequality from two angles. One is the impact of unequal endowments on housing. The second is the “memberships” inequality associated with neighborhoods, namely, households’ location in a geographic and social context. We elaborate on these two angles of inequality and focus on three distinctive features of housing: consumption, capital, and location. For owner-occupants, capital and consumption are bundled together in a single good. For both renters and owner-occupants, housing consumption inequality, access to good neighborhoods, and housing wealth follow from unequal endowments. Housing can propagate inequality by enabling owner-occupants to use it as collateral for other investments or to secure higher returns to human capital investments through the better schools in better neighborhoods. We use this approach to analyze key aspects of housing and inequality, paying special attention to the impacts of racial discrimination and segregation. (JEL D63, J15, J24, R21, R23, R31)